Photogrammetric surveys

Photogrammetric surveys

Photogrammetric surveys are performed using modern technology based on drone flights. The technology allows for precise visualization of the current land development. Photogrammetric surveys make it much easier to perform calculations to model building information (BIM) in a manner that is accessible to Clients.

Abilities of photogrammetric surveys

Photogrammetric surveys are an invaluable tool in obtaining quick and accurate data on area intended for investment purposes, including construction. This data is used to create spatial models, such as a 3D point cloud, used in Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, allowing the design process to begin even before obtaining a site map.

Modern photogrammetric surveys carried out using specialized drones enable the following:

  • taking photographs of the area from several to several dozen meters above the ground
  • creation of a video illustrating the surveyed area
  • representation of the terrain model with its topography

Benefits of photogrammetric surveys

During the flights, a 3D model of the entire terrain is created. This model allows:

  • develop elevation maps - mainly for the visualisation of topography
  • develop contour maps made up of isohypses, providing a different way of representing the terrain
  • develop cross-sectional lines so, with a large variety of surface (heaps, slopes, pits), we get its real picture
  • make calculations of the volume of heaps, excavations, etc.
  • balance of cut and fill
  • determine the amount of soil mass required for remediation
  • develop orthophotomap, i.e., high accuracy maps created from current photographs

As a result photogrammetric surveys allow to greatly optimize the design and implementation of the investment. This helps shorten the implementation time and optimize the costs of materials and labor on the construction site.

Surveys of this type also reduce the risk of unexpected situations or complications occurring during geological, geotechnical and construction works.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne

Pioneering technology

We were one of the first to introduce photogrammetric surveys for the needs of geological and geotechnical studies. A trained team with licenses to operate drones and extensive experience mean that customers are increasingly using the services we offer for this type of studies. We have carried out photogrammetric surveys of many important investments in Poland.

Stages of photogrammetric surveys

The photogrammetric surveys process consists of the following stages:

  • drone flights
  • creating a cloud of points
  • classification and cleanup
  • creating a terrain model
  • creating maps
  • creating terrain cross-sections
  • creating videos
Opracowanie fotogrametryczne - chmura punktów

Cloud of points

After a drone flight, the data collected by the camera is processed by a computer. Complicated, multi-hour calculations allow creation of a cloud of points.

The cloud of points is created in the 2000 system.

The photo shows a cloud of points from the entire surveyed area.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - obraz po klasyfikacji

Classification and cleanup

Classification allows removal of all unnecessary image elements (e.g. trees), leaving only the terrain surface.

The cloud of points both before and after classification can be saved in the following file formats: *.ply, *.las, *.laz, *.zlas, *.koo, *.txt, *.xyz, *.dsv, *.csv, *.pts, *.cl3 and *.e57.

The classified land surface can be further cleaned, e.g. by cutting to the plot area. Cleaning up the cloud of points speeds up subsequent calculations.

The photo shows a view of the cloud of points after classification and cropping.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - model terenu

Creating a terrain model

The terrain model is created on the basis of triangles with of a given size. The ability to set the size of a triangle allows controlling the accuracy and size of the model depending on current needs or hardware capabilities.

The model can be saved in the following formats: *.ply, *.dxf (AutoCAD), *.txt, *.koo, *.xyz, *.stl, *.obj, *.dae, *.tiff and *.xml.

To reload a previously saved model, having it in a *.tiff format is required.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - mapa wysokościowa

Orthophotomap

Various types of maps can be generated from the collected data.

Based on the model and photos, an orthophotomap is created, which can be saved in one of the following formats: *.jpg, *.tiff, *.pdf, *.jpe, *.png and *.kmz.

The orthophotomap can display CAD drawings used in the project, cross-section lines, earth mass calculation areas, etc.

Elevation map

The terrain model (or cloud of points) can be presented as a colored elevation map.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - mapa konturowa

Contour map

A contour map is created based on a terrain model with any accuracy. It can be displayed on the model with or without captions.

The contour map can be saved in the following formats: *.dxf (2D or 3D) and *.pdf.

Each line and caption can be easily edited in the exported map. In the 3D format, each line is assigned appropriate height coordinates.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - widok terenu wraz z pokazanym pod spodem przekrojem

Creating cross-sections

It is possible to read cross-section lines from the model in the place designated in the program or according to the established line from *.dxf. The line may be broken. The cross-section accuracy can be freely adjusted. In addition to the basic cross-section, it is possible to generate perpendicular cross-sections with a fixed length and distance from each other.

Profiles can be saved in the following formats: *.dxf, *.pdf, *.lng and *.que.

The photo shows a view of the area with a cross-section shown underneath.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - mapa konturowa

Creating videos

Based on the collected data, videos can be created, e.g. a video of a "fly over the plot" according to any route marked in the computer. For this purpose, the following are indicated, among others: subsequent points between which the virtual camera is moving, the speed of its movement, the direction in which the virtual objective is being turned to.

A sample video created for demonstration purposes is shown below.

Expertise

nearly 10000 completed projects

Experience

30+ years in the industry

Team

30+ consultants

Quality

4000+ environmental samples tested per year

Case study

One of our projects included a photogrammetric survey for the construction of two single-floor warehouse and production halls. A characteristic feature of the investment area was the elevation drop, reaching approximately 4.50 meters. Additionally, geological tests revealed that most of the property is covered with a layer of anthropogenic soil with a maximum depth of 4.00 meters below ground level.

During field tests, we focused on collecting samples of embankments to assess their suitability as a construction substrate. The main goal was to determine the optimal height of the objects' foundations, while striving for a good balance of earth masses.

Based on the analysis of the results of laboratory tests of bulk soil samples, we have identified zones in which the soil was suitable for construction use. Using photogrammetric techniques, we created three-dimensional terrain models that precisely presented areas of land suitable for use and those requiring removal.

Using differential analysis of the terrain model and generated planes, it was possible to determine the optimal foundation heights of the objects. This approach allowed for a significant reduction in investment costs, while ensuring efficiency and compliance with design requirements.

Opracowania fotogrametryczne - model terenu

Requirements for flight execution

Photogrammetric flights can be completed within a few hours under favorable weather conditions. Rain and strong wind make flights impossible.

In designated airspace zones (can be checked at https://droneradar.eu/), flights require consent from PANSA (Polish Air Navigation Services Agency). In the case of special zones (national parks, power plants, military facilities, etc.), additional consent from the zone manager is required.

Photogrammetry is a service for professional investors

When performing other geotechnical services, we offer modern photogrammetric studies of the area using drone surveys. We use the obtained results as an addition to other services provided to the client.

Apart from special cases, we do not perform photogrammetric surveys alone.

Reduction of project risk

Photogrammetric survey mitigates project risks:

  • Optimizes the design and implementation of the investment, which reduces the risk of incurring unnecessary costs
  • Reduces the risk of extending the investment implementation time
  • Reduces the risk of unexpected situations or complications
  • Helps reduce the costs of materials and labor on construction sites

Order a photogrammetric survey

To order a photogrammetric survey, contact us by phone or e-mail.

Order a survey